Symptoms And Complications Of Hemoperitoneum

Hemoperitoneum is a condition in which blood collects in the peritoneal space between the wall of the abdomen and internal organs. This area can stretch greatly and hold more blood than the entire body typically has. The blood collection can be caused by blunt trauma, penetrating trauma, ectopic pregnancy, colon perforation, or from taking extreme doses of anticoagulant medications.

Hemoperitoneum is considered a medical emergency, and exploratory laparoscopy is usually performed to locate the source of the bleeding. Tomography and sonography can also help determine the location of the injury. Though patients with less severe cases may not have any blatant symptoms, those with more severe cases will have obvious symptoms.

Nausea And Vomiting

Nausea is an early symptom of hemoperitoneum where patients feel as if they are going to vomit. Nausea can be mild or severe depending on the severity of the injury. Vomiting is the involuntary expulsion of the stomach's contents through the mouth. If the vomit contains bright red blood, it can indicate bleeding is present in the upper digestive system. Nausea and vomiting with hemoperitoneum can quickly lead to dehydration because of blood and fluid loss. If it is accompanied by sharp pain or tenderness in the abdominal region, it is important to seek medical attention quickly.

Abdominal Tenderness

Abdominal tenderness is a symptom of hemoperitoneum because there is an open wound inside the body. The abdomen may be painful to the touch and may feel something like bread dough. Usually, abdominal distension and nausea accompany this tenderness. As with other symptoms, the degree of tenderness can range from mild to severe depending on the severity of the internal bleeding. Some patients may not feel any pain until days after the trauma has occurred increasing the risk of complications from hemorrhagic shock and even death. If this pain or tenderness increases in severity and additional symptoms such as confusion or dizziness occur, a visit to the emergency room is essential.