Guide To Treating Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis

Hemodialysis

Hemodialysis is one of the most common forms of dialysis, and it is often performed at specialist dialysis centers. Some patients can receive hemodialysis at home. Patients who have been exposed to gadolinium may be able to reduce their risk of developing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis if they have hemodialysis immediately following their MRI scan. Normally, this is only recommended for patients who already have severely reduced kidney function and who are already receiving dialysis.

Hemodialysis filters the blood through a machine called a dialyzer. First, two needles are placed in one arm, and patients can place their own needles if they've been trained by staff. The needles are connected to lines that flow into the dialyzer. Inside the machine, waste products are removed from the blood, and the filtered blood returns to the patient via the second line. Depending on the patient's particular needs and dialysis schedule, they may have hemodialysis sessions three, five, or seven days a week.

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Selected Medications

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis patients may also be treated with selected medications that can ease symptoms and improve quality of life. For example, a medication called imatinib has shown some success in reducing the skin thickening and tightness that commonly occur with this disease. Another medication, pentoxifylline, may promote better circulation for patients by reducing blood viscosity (thickness). Sodium thiosulfate may be beneficial for some patients.

These medications are still under investigation, and patients using them should be aware of potential side effects. Imatinib can cause fever, rashes, nausea, vomiting, swelling, bleeding problems, bone pain, and muscle cramps. Patients taking pentoxifylline may develop flushing, blurry vision, bloating, upset stomach, and diarrhea. Potential side effects of sodium thiosulfate include tinnitus, joint pain, hallucinations, mental changes, and agitation. Patients and their caregivers should report any side effects to the prescribing physician as soon as possible.

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