10 Key Factors That Elevate Your Risk of Merkel Cell Carcinoma

It's a lesser-known name in the world of skin cancer, but Merkel cell carcinoma packs a serious punch. Originating in specialized Merkel cells—deep within the epidermis, vital for your sense of fine touch—this aggressive cancer often first appears as a seemingly innocent firm, painless bump, perhaps pink, red, or purple, typically on sun-drenched skin. But don't let its rarity or initial appearance deceive you; it can spread rapidly. Understanding this stealthy disease is crucial, but even more powerful is knowing what might make you more vulnerable. That’s why we’re unveiling 10 key factors that can significantly elevate your risk, empowering you to be more vigilant and informed about your skin's health.

1. History Of Skin Cancer

Cancers that originate in the skin cells occur when damage in a cell causes an error or mutation in the cell's DNA. The genes in a cell's DNA that control when the cell divides, grows, and dies are called oncogenes. Genes in a cell's DNA that control the frequency and rate of cell division and cellular death are called tumor suppressor genes or antioncogenes. A patient who has had prior occurrences of skin cancer in their life is at an increased risk of developing Merkel cell carcinoma because the DNA in their skin cells has already sustained damage or been altered before. It usually requires numerous gene changes in a cell's DNA for cancer to occur, but some of these changes are already present in individuals who have a history of skin cancer. Because fewer mutations of the cellular DNA are required to cause cancer in these individuals, they are at an increased risk of developing cancer in the Merkel cells. A history of skin cancer can also indicate an individual has a hereditary predisposing factor where they lack one or more of the normal tumor suppressor genes in their DNA.