Common Causes Of Meniere's Disease

Viral Infection

Another theory scientists attribute to the manifestation of Meniere's diseases is infections resulting from various viruses. A good number of ear, nose, and throat conditions are due to viruses, and the belief is the same can trigger episodes of Meniere's. It is postulated infections cause abnormal drainage of the fluid. Some of the viruses suspected of causing Meniere's include rhinovirus, adenovirus, influenza, coronavirus, herpes simplex, respiratory syncytial, reovirus, and enteric virus. The herpes virus is the most common type of viral infection found in patients with Meniere's, according to one study. Meningitis, which affects the brain, and labyrinthitis, which affects the inner ear, are some of the infections that can trigger Meniere's disease. In cases where viruses are suspected, DNA has been found in the vestibular ganglion and endolymphatic sacs. Some experts treat Meniere's disease using antivirals to curb infections. However, as with all other cause and triggers of Meniere's, no definitive evidence can be used to back the claim viruses play a role in the inner ear disorder.

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Allergies

In some individuals, allergies have been attributed to Meniere's disease. Researchers have cited several ways in which allergic reactions contribute to it. A past infection can interact with an existing allergy, which can cause decompensation of the endolymphatic sac. This interaction can then trigger endolymphatic hydrops (excess fluid in the ear), causing an imbalance in the drainage of fluid. An allergic reaction can result in inflammation of the inner ear, compromising the filtering capability, and consequently, blockages. Food reactions or systemic inhalants may target the sac and interfere with fluid drainage. These theories factor into the effect allergic reactions would have on the endolymphatic sac. Some scientists are still skeptical as to if this part of the inner ear is solely responsible for Meniere's disease. Another theory is some allergens facilitate the production of histamine, and when it congests, can increase the fluid in the inner ear. The resulting endolymphatic hydrops then triggers an episode. For this reason, some doctors recommend antihistamines to counter the effect of allergic reactions.

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