10 Breathtaking Varieties of Asthma: Your Ultimate Navigator's Guide

9. Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD)

Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD), also called Samter’s Triad, is a rare but serious form of asthma linked to aspirin or NSAID use. People with AERD typically also suffer from nasal polyps and chronic sinus infections. Taking aspirin or other NSAIDs can trigger sudden, severe asthma attacks, wheezing, nasal congestion, and eye or facial swelling. Since it’s a non-allergic, inflammatory reaction, even low doses of over-the-counter meds can cause major symptoms. Diagnosis requires a detailed medical history and often an aspirin challenge test under medical supervision. Treatment includes complete NSAID avoidance, leukotriene inhibitors, sinus surgery, and in some cases, aspirin desensitization under specialist care.

10. Eosinophilic Asthma

Eosinophilic asthma is a severe, less common subtype marked by high levels of eosinophils—a type of white blood cell that causes chronic inflammation in the airways. Unlike allergic asthma, triggers aren’t always external allergens but rather immune dysfunction itself. Patients often experience frequent flare-ups, severe wheezing, and poor response to standard inhalers. Blood tests and sputum analysis are used for diagnosis. Treatment usually involves targeted biologics that reduce eosinophil activity, such as mepolizumab or benralizumab. Eosinophilic asthma can feel relentless—but with proper diagnosis and advanced treatment, even the most stubborn cases can be brought under control.