10 Key Warning Signs Of EEC Syndrome

5. Tear Production Abnormality

Tear production abnormality has been observed as a symptom that occurs in some individuals with EEC syndrome. The tear ducts are the small tubes near the inner corners of the eyes the tears use to drain from the eye into the nose. Abnormal tear production can occur as a result of the obstruction of tear drainage in one of three parts of this tear duct. EEC syndrome can cause any or all parts of the duct to not fully develop, abnormally develop, or be narrower than usual. When tear flow is stopped in the part of the duct that drains into the nose, it is called a nasolacrimal duct obstruction. When the flow is stopped in the tear drain of the eyelid, it is called a canalicular obstruction. When the tear flow is stopped in the eyelid margin opening, it is called punctal stenosis. When the tears are unable to drain from the eye, the patient will experience excessive tearing or frequent watery eyes. Tear production abnormalities can result in chronic conjunctivitis, vision impairment, eye infections, photophobia, corneal ulcerations, keratitis, and blepharitis.

6. Sparse, Fine, or Absent Hair (Hypotrichosis/Atrichosis)

A key indicator of ectodermal involvement in EEC syndrome is abnormal hair growth. Affected individuals may exhibit hypotrichosis (sparse hair) or even atrichosis (complete absence of hair) on the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes. The hair that is present can be unusually fine, brittle, or slow-growing. This isn't just a cosmetic concern; it points directly to the compromised development of hair follicles, one of the primary structures derived from the ectoderm. Observing these specific hair abnormalities can be a critical early warning sign, prompting further genetic investigation.