Things Everyone Should Know About Dysthymic Disorder

Diagnosis

Before making a diagnosis, doctors will likely perform a physical exam, bloodwork, and a psychological evaluation. For an adult to be diagnosed with dysthymia, their depressed mood must persist for two or more years. However, children are diagnosed after only one year. Patients must also exhibit two or more of the following symptoms while depressed: poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, poor concentration or indecisiveness, or feelings of hopelessness. Up to fifty percent of the population in the United States living with dysthymic disorder do not receive a diagnosis. In addition, approximately ten percent will go on to develop major depression in their lifetimes, making it vital for individuals experiencing these symptoms to seek appropriate treatment.

Treatment

Treatment for dysthymic disorder can range from lifestyle changes, like exercise and stress management, to talk therapy and medication. Typical forms of talk therapy used to treat dysthymia are cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy (IPT), and psychodynamic psychotherapy. CBT and IPT are both short-term treatments. However, while cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on recognizing and learning to redirect negative thought patterns, interpersonal therapy addresses immediate issues and interpersonal conflicts. Psychodynamic therapy explores the underlying cause of depression.

Antidepressants are also an effective form of treatment. Selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are most effective for individuals with anxious dysthymia. Patients with anergic dysthymia are more likely to be prescribed DRIs or NDRIs, which regulate the chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine. In some cases, lithium therapy is also appropriate.