15 Common Causes And Risk Factors For Septic Arthritis

13. Gonorrhea and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Certain STIs—especially gonorrhea—can spread to the joints, leading to a form of septic arthritis known as disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI). It’s more common in sexually active young adults and women. Symptoms often begin subtly, with joint pain and skin rashes, and may be mistaken for other conditions. Untreated gonorrhea can enter the bloodstream and settle in one or multiple joints. Prompt diagnosis and antibiotic treatment are crucial. Preventing transmission through safe sex practices and regular screening is a key step in reducing this often-overlooked cause.

14. Immunosuppressive Therapies

Patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies—such as chemotherapy, TNF inhibitors, or biologics for autoimmune conditions—are more prone to septic arthritis. These drugs, while essential for managing diseases like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or Crohn’s, reduce the body’s natural ability to ward off infections. As a result, even minor bacterial invasions can become serious joint infections. Patients should be educated about infection risks before starting such treatments and should be encouraged to report unexplained joint pain or swelling promptly. Preventive vaccinations and routine monitoring help mitigate the danger.