Hidden Triggers That Could Unravel the Mystery of Autism Spectrum Disorder

13. Immune System Dysregulation

Recent research suggests that abnormal immune system activity may be a contributing factor to autism spectrum disorder. Some children with ASD show signs of chronic inflammation or an overactive immune response, both in the womb and after birth. Maternal infections during pregnancy, such as viral or bacterial illnesses, may trigger an immune response that affects fetal brain development. A growing area of research also explores the gut-brain connection, as many individuals with autism experience gastrointestinal issues. The gut microbiome plays a critical role in immune function and brain signaling. Some studies suggest that imbalances in gut bacteria may contribute to neurodevelopmental differences. While more research is needed, supporting a healthy immune system through proper prenatal care, a balanced diet, and addressing gut health may be beneficial for both maternal and fetal well-being.

14. Differences in Brain Connectivity

Advancements in brain imaging have revealed structural and functional differences in the brains of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Some research suggests that people with ASD have differences in neural connectivity, meaning certain areas of the brain communicate differently compared to neurotypical individuals. These differences can affect sensory processing, social interactions, and executive function. For example, some studies indicate children with autism may have increased local connectivity but reduced long-range connectivity in the brain. This means certain brain regions might communicate excessively with nearby areas while struggling to integrate information across distant regions. These neurological differences may help explain why some individuals with autism excel in pattern recognition or memory while facing challenges with communication or social interaction. Understanding these differences can help tailor educational and therapeutic interventions to support individuals on the spectrum.