20 Cause of Petechiae and What You Need to Know About Them

15. Sepsis

When the body goes into overdrive fighting an infection, it can trigger widespread inflammation that damages blood vessels and reduces platelet levels—a deadly combination. Petechiae in sepsis are often a precursor to more extensive purpura or bleeding under the skin, sometimes progressing to a condition known as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). If you or someone you love develops petechiae alongside confusion, rapid heartbeat, fever, or labored breathing, seek emergency care immediately. Time is critical in managing sepsis, and petechiae may be one of the only visible early signs that the body’s systems are beginning to fail.

16. Kawasaki Disease

Kawasaki disease is a rare inflammatory illness that primarily affects children under five. It causes blood vessel inflammation throughout the body, often leading to a high fever, swollen hands and feet, red eyes, and cracked lips. Petechiae may appear along with a widespread rash, particularly in the early stages. While the exact cause is unknown, the condition can lead to serious heart complications if not treated promptly. Diagnosis is clinical and often confirmed with blood tests and echocardiograms. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is typically used to reduce inflammation. Petechiae in this context are more than skin-deep—they're vascular alarms.