What Causes Sialorrhea?

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a chronic condition that affects the digestive system. The condition causes the acid in the stomach to flow back into the esophagus regularly, irritating the esophageal lining. Patients who have gastroesophageal reflux disease frequently report symptoms such as chest pain, swallowing difficulties, and a burning sensation in the chest that typically occurs after eating. The patient may feel as though they have a lump in the throat, and regurgitation of food or sour liquid might occur. Individuals who have reflux at night could notice a chronic cough, and they may have sleep disruptions or laryngitis as well. Doctors may be able to diagnose gastroesophageal reflux disease with a health history and a physical examination. Tests such as an upper endoscopy and ambulatory acid probe test are sometimes used to confirm the diagnosis. Over-the-counter antacids, proton pump inhibitors, and H-2 receptor blockers are recommended along with dietary changes as the first line of treatment. Prescription-strength proton pump inhibitors and medicines to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter may be considered if the first line of treatment is ineffective. A LINX device or fundoplication procedure may be used if the patient wants to avoid long-term medication use or if medications do not help in managing the patient's symptoms.

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurological condition that causes a loss of muscle control. The condition usually begins in the hands, feet, arms, or legs, and patients may fall or have difficulty walking. Muscle cramps and twitching could occur in the tongue, arms, and shoulders, and changes in cognition and behavior might be observed. Patients may slur their speech or have trouble swallowing, and they could cry or laugh at inappropriate times. As the condition advances, patients often begin to have trouble breathing, chewing, and speaking. ALS cannot be cured, and it eventually progresses to the point where it is fatal. Treatment methods focus on slowing the progression of the disease, managing symptoms, and improving quality of life. Patients may benefit from riluzole, a medication that can extend lifespan, and edaravone, a drug that reduces the decline of daily functioning. Physical, occupational, and speech therapies are often recommended, and patients may need to have mechanical ventilation to assist with breathing.

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