What Causes Sialorrhea?

Anticonvulsants

Anticonvulsants are medications used in the treatment of epilepsy. Some types of anticonvulsants may be used to treat mental health conditions such as bipolar disorder, and they can also be helpful for patients with nerve pain. Gabapentin, topiramate, levetiracetam, valproic acid, and carbamazepine are some of the most commonly prescribed anticonvulsants. Patients normally take these medications by mouth, and they are generally taken at least once per day. Doctors usually start the patient on a low dose and gradually increase it every two weeks to arrive at an appropriate maintenance dose. Side effects of anticonvulsants vary depending on the specific type the patient takes. Some of the most frequently reported side effects include increased saliva production, weight gain, drowsiness, lethargy, concentration difficulties, nausea, dry mouth, and heartburn. Hair loss, menstrual irregularities, and skin rashes or itching might occur as well. Rarely, patients could notice mouth soreness, severe dizziness, abdominal pain, vomiting, and a tendency to bleed or bruise easily. These side effects should be reported to the patient's physician immediately. Individuals who take anticonvulsants might need to try several different ones to find the medication that causes the fewest side effects while appropriately treating their symptoms. If side effects are bothersome, the patient should discuss the possibility of an alternative treatment with their healthcare provider.

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Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological condition that impacts movement. It is triggered when the brain fails to produce sufficient quantities of dopamine, a neurotransmitter. Parkinson's disease is most common in men, and it typically begins around sixty years old. The symptoms of Parkinson's disease have a slow, gradual onset, and they usually start on one side of the body at first; both sides of the body display symptoms in the later stages. Patients may have tremors in the jaw or face, and tremors are also common in the hands, arms, and legs. The limbs and torso may feel stiff, and movements could be slower than normal. Poor balance and coordination might be present, and patients could have difficulty with walking, speaking, chewing, or swallowing. Depression and sleep difficulties are frequently reported. This condition is diagnosed with a neurological examination and a medical history. Medications are used to manage symptoms, and a surgical procedure known as deep brain stimulation may be considered for severe cases.