Common Causes Of Periodic Limb Movement Disorder

Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of the secondary form of periodic limb movement disorder associated with underlying diseases. Type 2 diabetes, the most common form of this chronic illness, occurs when the body cannot make or process insulin as effectively as it should. Individuals with diabetes could experience increased thirst, fatigue, unexplained weight loss, and blurry vision, and they may notice sores that are slow to heal. Risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes include obesity, high blood pressure, polycystic ovary syndrome, and high cholesterol. Patients with diabetes may need medication to control their blood sugar, and some of these drugs can occasionally cause disrupted sleep and jerky movements or twitches at night. While some individuals who have diabetes may be able to control their disease with diet and exercise, many patients will need oral medications and injections to achieve optimal symptom control. Endocrinologists can help patients manage their symptoms effectively, and patients may benefit from consults with a nutritionist too.

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Uremia

Patients with uremia may experience symptoms associated with secondary periodic limb movement disorder. Uremia typically occurs in the final stages of chronic kidney disease; it is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of urea and other waste products that would normally be filtered out by healthy kidneys. Patients with uremia may experience fatigue and mental confusion, and many patients also have a loss of appetite and cramping in the legs. A metallic taste in the mouth could develop, and some patients can have episodes of nausea and vomiting. Doctors use blood tests to diagnose this condition, and individuals who have it are treated with dialysis. A kidney transplant is often needed. Possible complications from untreated uremia include depression, severe itching, and cardiovascular issues. If left untreated, uremia can quickly become life-threatening, and it may trigger fatal heart attacks in some individuals.

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