The Surprising Differences & Similarities Of Eating Disorders
Complications An Eating Disorder Can Lead To
Regardless of what type it is, an eating disorder can lead to numerous critical and life-threatening complications. Possible complications associated with bulimia are dehydration which can lead to kidney failure, heart problems such as an irregular heartbeat or heart failure, severe tooth decay and gum disease, absent or irregular menstrual cycles, digestive problems, anxiety and depression, misusing alcohol and drugs, and even suicide. Complications associated with anorexia include irregular heartbeats or arrhythmias, blood disorders such as anemia, heart problems such as mitral valve prolapse or heart failure, bone loss (osteoporosis), and loss of muscle.
Other complications include gastrointestinal problems such as constipation, bloating or nausea, electrolyte abnormalities, kidney problems, an irregular or absent menstrual cycle, depression, anxiety, and personality disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and even suicide.
Treatment Options
Treatment for eating disorders is typically done using a team approach, including doctors, mental health professionals, dietitians, and family support for the patient. Continuous therapy and nutrition education are essential for an individual's continuing recovery. In severe cases, hospitalization is usually the first step, especially if the patient is experiencing a heart rhythm disturbance, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or a psychiatric issue. Hospitalization can be required if the patient has medical complications, is severely malnourished, refusal to eat, and serious psychiatric problems. Certain clinics may also offer specialized treatment for individuals with eating disorders, rather than full hospitalization, and can offer a patient day or residential programs, such as more intensive treatment over longer periods of time and frequent monitoring due to the complications anorexia and bulimia may bring.
In severe cases, patients suffering from anorexia may require a feeding tube that is inserted in the nose and goes to the stomach, called a nasogastric tube. The first goal of treatment when dealing with anorexia or bulimia is to get the individual back to a healthy weight and to learn what proper nutrition is and how to make healthy choices. So far, there are no medications approved to treat anorexia as none have been found to work very well. However, for patients dealing with bulimia, the best treatment option is a combination of psychotherapy and antidepressants, which have proven to help patients overcome the disorder.
