Exploring the Genetics of Depression: Insights into Its Inherited Pathways

Lau Racciatti

The Serotonin Transporter Gene: A Closer Look

Psilocin vs serotonin. Photo Credit: Wikimedia Commons @Jatlas1

One of the most studied genetic contributors to depression is the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), which regulates the reuptake of serotonin, a neurotransmitter critical for mood stabilization. Variations in this gene, particularly the presence of the short allele, have been associated with an increased risk of depression, especially in conjunction with stressful life events. This gene-environment interaction exemplifies how genetic predispositions can be exacerbated by external factors, highlighting the need for comprehensive treatment strategies that consider both biological and environmental components of depression.

Polygenic Risk Scores: Predicting Depression Susceptibility

A female scientist in protective gear examines samples through a microscope in a laboratory setting. Photo Credit: Pexels @Edward Jenner

As our understanding of depression's genetic basis deepens, polygenic risk scores (PRS) have emerged as a tool for predicting an individual's susceptibility to the disorder. PRS aggregates the effects of numerous genetic variants, providing a cumulative risk assessment. While not yet precise enough for clinical use, PRS offers a promising avenue for identifying individuals at higher risk for depression, potentially guiding early intervention efforts. As research progresses, these scores may become integral to personalized medicine, allowing for more tailored prevention and treatment strategies based on an individual's unique genetic profile.

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The Serotonin Transporter Gene: A Closer Look

Polygenic Risk Scores: Predicting Depression Susceptibility

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