Causes And Complications Of Vasculitis

Pneumonia

Vasculitis develops in an individual when the walls of their blood vessels become inflamed. One of the most common causes of inflammation of the blood vessels is due to a mistaken response by an individual's upregulated immune system. When a pathogen invades the lungs, the immune system is triggered into action to mediate damage caused by the pathogen. Numerous types of white blood cells move to the site of the pathogenic invasion, and certain hormones are released to assist with this effort. In affected individuals, the immune response to pneumonia or infection of the lungs is thought to trigger other immune responses directed toward the cells that make up the blood vessel walls. These immune responses are by mistake and attack healthy cells in the patient's body. The mistaken immune attack on the cells of the blood vessel walls causes damage to these tissues. The tissue damage induces a greater immune response that produces vasculitis.

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Sepsis

Individuals may develop sepsis if they are affected by vasculitis that has been triggered by an infection in their kidneys, lungs, stomach, skin, or bladder. Vasculitis patients are more likely to develop sepsis because their immune system already has abnormalities that have caused their vasculitis. An upregulated immune system makes individuals more likely to have other issues related to the way their immune system responds to allergens and infections. An affected individual's immune system can have an overwhelming response to an infection in the body, which causes a mass release of certain chemicals into the blood. These chemicals released in the blood produce systemic and widespread inflammation around the body and numerous vital organs. The already compromised blood vessels in a vasculitis patient leak and the normal flow of blood around the body becomes impaired. The patient's vital organs begin to fail simultaneously as their blood pressure drops, causing death without prompt and adequate medical intervention.