10 Concerning Complications Associated With Untreated Nearsightedness

9. Optic Disc Changes (Myopic Optic Neuropathy)

In highly myopic eyes, the elongation of the eyeball can stretch and distort the optic disc—the area where the optic nerve exits the eye. Over time, this may lead to structural changes and thinning of the nerve fibers, increasing the risk of optic neuropathy. Patients might experience gradual peripheral vision loss, eye strain, or even blind spots. Because these symptoms can mimic early glaucoma, they’re sometimes overlooked or misdiagnosed. Routine eye exams that include optic nerve imaging and visual field tests are essential for early detection. Left unchecked, myopic optic neuropathy can lead to irreversible vision damage over time.

10. Strabismus and Amblyopia (Lazy Eye)

Children with severe or untreated myopia in one eye are at risk of developing strabismus—where the eyes fail to align properly. One eye may begin to turn inward or outward, disrupting depth perception and leading to a reliance on the stronger eye. This can eventually result in amblyopia, commonly known as "lazy eye," where the brain suppresses input from the weaker eye entirely. The earlier the condition is identified, the better the chances for successful treatment, which may include glasses, patching therapy, or vision training. Regular childhood eye screenings are critical in catching strabismus before it impacts long-term vision development.