An Overview Of Stem Cell Replacement

Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Complications may arise between the donor and the patient receiving the treatment that puts the patient at an increased risk of developing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). This disease occurs when cells taken from the donor are perceived as foreign invaders by the patient's body after receiving the treatment. Since the new immune system does not recognize these cells, it may attack them. This can result in numerous damaged organs and tissues. Symptoms of GVHD include shortness of breath, joint or muscle pain, coughing, rash, the appearance of scars on the skin, dry eyes, mouth sores, abdominal pain, dry mouth, jaundice, vomiting, nausea or diarrhea.

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Preparing For Stem Cell Replacement

A doctor or medical professional will usually require a patient to go through a series of tests before the stem cell procedure takes place. The purpose of this evaluation is to make sure the patient is physically and mentally prepared to undergo surgery. Initially, a patient is further prepared for the procedure by receiving chemotherapy to eliminate the diseased cells and malfunctioning bone marrow, so the new cells are not contaminated in any way. A surgeon may also implant an intravenous catheter into the large vein of a patient’s chest or neck. This usually stays in place for the duration of the treatment and is used to transport the new cells and medications into the body in a safe manner.

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