Guide To The Most Common Respiratory Illnesses

Pneumonia

Pneumonia occurs when an infection causes inflammation in the air sacs in the lungs. It may affect both lungs or only one. The affected air sacs might fill up with pus or fluid, leading to a productive cough, difficulty breathing, chills, and a fever. Several organisms can cause pneumonia, including fungi, viruses, and bacteria. Some cases of pneumonia are mild, though others can be life-threatening. Pneumonia is more likely to be serious in seniors and individuals with certain underlying conditions. This includes a weakened immune system, respiratory issues, or mobility issues.

Pneumonia patients may experience chest pain with breathing and coughing, fatigue, a fever, and a cough that produces phlegm. Some individuals may also experience vomiting, diarrhea, and nausea. In adults over sixty-four years old, pneumonia may cause changes in mental awareness and confusion. It may cause a lower than average body temperature in seniors and those with weak immune systems.

Influenza

Influenza, another respiratory illness, is caused by a virus. The infection affects the throat, lungs, and nose. Though influenza is commonly referred to as the flu, it is not the stomach flu, which leads to vomiting and diarrhea. Most cases of the flu resolve without needing treatment. However, sometimes influenza can have deadly complications, especially for patients in certain risk groups.

Individuals may be at a higher risk of experiencing complications if they are older than sixty-five or younger than five. They are also at risk if they live in a nursing home, are pregnant, have a weakened immune system, have a chronic illness, or are obese. Women may be susceptible to complications if they have given birth in the past two weeks. Native Americans are also more likely to develop complications, since their immune systems are less likely to be prepared for the virus. The influenza vaccine is not completely effective. However, it is the best defense against contracting and spreading the flu during flu season.