Symptoms, Risk Factors, And Causes Of Congenital Heart Diseases

Shortness Of Breath

The oxygen absorbed by the lungs is carried throughout the body by a protein called hemoglobin, which is found in red blood cells. When individuals have a congenital heart disease or defect, their overall volume of blood flow is decreased. Less blood flow means less hemoglobin, creating a slightly hypoxic state in some patients with a congenital heart disease. This slight hypoxia usually presents itself as shortness of breath, not only when exercising but also when at rest. Any chronic, unexplained shortness of breath should be reported to a doctor as soon as possible.

Frequent Buildup Of Fluid In The Lungs

The heart contains four massive valves known as the pulmonary arteries and veins, which are responsible for pumping blood in and out of the lungs. Congenital heart diseases can restrict the volume of blood flowing through these valves, creating complications throughout the respiratory system. Individuals with undiagnosed congenital heart diseases often report a chronic buildup of fluid in the lungs due to this decreased blood flow. This fluid often presents itself as chronic coughs, wheezing, or even pneumonia.