16 Things Your Doctor Didn't Tell You About Prednisone

2. The Science Behind Prednisone’s Mechanism

Understanding how prednisone works requires a dive into its biochemical interactions within the body. Prednisone is a prodrug, meaning it is converted into its active form, prednisolone, in the liver. Once activated, it mimics the effects of cortisol, a hormone naturally produced by the adrenal glands. Prednisone exerts its effects by binding to glucocorticoid receptors, which then modulate the expression of various genes involved in inflammatory processes. This results in a reduction of inflammation and suppression of the immune response, making it effective in treating autoimmune conditions. However, its broad mechanism of action also accounts for its wide range of side effects, as it impacts multiple physiological systems. Understanding this mechanism is essential for appreciating both the therapeutic benefits and the potential risks associated with prednisone use.